Documentation on selfcal


Task: selfcal
Purpose: Determine self-calibration of calibration gains.
Categories: calibration, map making

        SELFCAL is a MIRIAD task to perform self-calibration of visibility data.
        Either phase only or amplitude and phase calibration can be performed.
        The input to SELCAL are a visibility data file, and model images.
        This program then calculates the visibilities corresponding to the
        model, accumulates the statistics needed to determine the antennae
        solutions, and then calculates the self-cal solutions.

        The output is a calibration file, ready to be applied to the
        visibility data.

Key: vis
        Name of input visibility data file. No default.

Key: select
        Standard uv data selection criteria.

Key: model
        Name of the input models. Several models can be given, which can
        cover different channel ranges, different pointing and sources, and
        different polarizations of the input visibility data. Generally
        the model should be derived (by mapping and deconvolution) from the
        input visibility file, so that the channels in the model correspond
        to channels in the visibility file. Though the maps can be made using
        any linetype, generally "channel" linetype will give best results (??).
        The units of the model MUST be JY/PIXEL, rather than JY/BEAM, and
        should be weighted by the primary beam. The task DEMOS can be used
        to extract primary beam weighted models from a mosaiced image. If
        no models are given, a point source model is assumed.

        NOTE: When you give SELFCAL a model, it will, by default, select the
        data associated with this model from the visibility data-set. This
        includes selecting the appropriate range of channels, the appropriate
        polarisation type and the appropriate pointing (if options=mosaic
        is used). If you use a point source model, if it YOUR responsibility
        to select the appropriate data. In particular, you may well want
        to select appropriate polarisations, channels and sources.

Key: clip
        Clip level. For models of intensity, any pixels below the clip level
        are set to zero. For models of Stokes Q,U,V, or MFS I*alpha models,
        any pixels whose absolute value is below the clip level are set
        to zero. Default is 0.

Key: interval
        The length of time, in minutes, of a gain solution. Default is 5,
        but use a larger value in cases of poor signal to noise, or
        if the atmosphere and instrument is fairly stable.

Key: options
       This gives several processing options. Possible values are:
          amplitude  Perform amplitude and phase self-cal.
          phase      Perform phase only self-cal.
          smooth     Determine the solutions in such a way that they are
                     smooth with time.
          polarized  The source is polarised. By default the source is
                     assumed to be unpolarised. For a polarized source,
                     SELFCAL cannot perform polarization conversion. That
                     is, if the model is of a particular polarization, then
                     the visibility file should contain that sort of
                     polarization. For example, if the model is Stokes-Q,
                     then the visibility file should contain Stokes-Q.
          mfs        This is used if there is a single plane in the input
                     model, which is assumed to represent the image at all
                     frequencies. This should also be used if the model has
                     been derived from MFCLEAN.
          relax      Relax the convergence criteria. This is useful when
                     selfcal'ing with a very poor model.
          apriori    This is used if there is no input model, and the
                     source in the visibility data is either a planet,
                     or a standard calibrator. This causes the model data
                     to be scaled by the known flux of the source. For a
                     planet, this flux will be a function of baseline. If
                     the source is a point source, the ``apriori'' option
                     is only useful if the ``amplitude'' and ``noscale''
                     option are being used. For a planet, this option
                     should also be used for a phase selfcal, to get the
                     correct weighting of the different baselines in the
                     solution.
          noscale    Do not scale the gains. By default the gains are scaled
                     so that the rms gain amplitude is 1. Generally this
                     option should be used with the apriori option.
                     It must be used if selfcal is being used to determine
                     Jy/K, and should also be used if the model is believed
                     to have the correct scale.
          mosaic     This causes SELFCAL to select only those visibilities
                     whose observing center is within plus or minus three
                     pixels of the model pointing center. This is needed
                     if there are multiple pointings or multiple sources in
                     the input uv file. By default no observing center
                     selection is performed.
        Note that "amplitude" and "phase" are mutually exclusive.
        The default is options=phase.

Key: minants
        Data at a given solution interval is deleted  if there are fewer than
        MinAnts antennae operative during the solution interval. The default
        is 3 for options=phase and 4 for options=amplitude.

Key: refant
        This sets the reference antenna, which is given a phase angle of zero.
        The default, for a given solution interval, is the antennae with the
        greatest weight.

Key: flux
        If MODEL is blank, then the flux (Jy) of a point source model can
        be specified here. Also used as the default flux for the apriori
        option. The default is 1 (assuming the model parameter is not given)

Key: offset
        This gives the offset in arcseconds of a point source model (the
        offset is positive to the north and to the east). This parameter is
        used if the MODEL parameter is blank. The default is 0,0. The
        amplitude of the point source is chosen so that flux in the model
        is the same as the visibility flux.

Key: line
        The visibility linetype to use, in the standard form, viz:
          type,nchan,start,width,step
        Generally if there is an input model, this parameter defaults to the
        linetype parameters used to construct the map. If you wish to override
        this, or if the info is not in the header, or if you are using
        a point source model, this parameter can be useful.

Key: out
        The output gains file.
        The default is to write the gains into the input uvdata file.

Generated by rsault@atnf.csiro.au on 11 Jul 1996